brief history of the wrist in Onil. 
Gestation dollmaker
sector in Onil
be innovators who devised or adapted new contributions in a previous craft. This traditional roots and family activity acted as requirements to facilitate the assimilation of new features. By imitation effect is diffused among the artisans and smallholders land, for whom the simple technology and low capital requirements led to the installation of new workshops and factories. In
Onil was a returned emigrant and ex
civil guard, Ramon Vidal
Mira, who in 1870 began making clay dolls, consolidating a factory that once had 50 workers
late nineteenth . Continued to improve the rates recorded in 1895, benefiting from the recent patent law, a "veneer of dolls." The first figures were made of molded clay into molds, then were fired, painted and finally dressed, later introduced materials: plaster and glue, or sawdust and glue. This made a paste that took shape in bronze molds. Later, Ramon Mira was the first imported German porcelain heads. Look
worked later associated with marriage Juan Mora, after his death in 1897 took care of his wife Petra workshop
García and his sons until and separated, the marriage of John and Agustina Eduardo Mora's first factory reharían
doll truly modern creating the signature "Edward John and Co..." Subsequently, the basic material would be a mixture of locust bean flour, corn, oats and water, along with
pieces of paper, which would shape in molds made of bronze or iron. Once dry, they joined the body, arms and legs with elastic
cordoncitos . Eduardo Juan Sempere
had worked as a dependent Isidro Juan, Murcia toy stores. In 1886 he returned to his native
Onil and leveraging knowledge tested various molds for making dolls and toys. Its space was divided functionally
: on the first floor, the cardboard pulp mill moved by animal power, turning machines, packaged
section, stoves to melt lead and other queue for bathrooms, extensive drying, carbon deposits, paint section, cutting corners and machines for
system Karl Krausse to make cardboard boxes. In the second and third floors were the store of raw materials and other sections of garments, casting, painting and mounted. The technique of paper pulp, would be the latest until the arrival of cardboard, the company that supplied
Cocentaina "Sons of Francisco Pérez
Merin, its implementation was more comfortable and could be used without more preparation than the wet water. This new paste was popularly christened as "gruel." During the first decades of the twentieth century
other firms were created, which provided many of them from materials that they sold the factory of John as the "
Blanquer and Co.", "Rico SA", "Isidro Rico Miralles
"or the largest customer in cardboard boxes, the company's Santiago Molina
Sempere, among others.
In February 1919, following the retirement of Edward John, sold the company to the "Sons of Francisco
Merin Perez, who continued the production of dolls bring new machinery devised by José Domínguez
Merin engineer by profession. After 39 is continued to produce traditional dolls made of cardboard, with new rates which apply new techniques. But it was the use of plastic which will allow many forms of various colors previously created in molds. Until the mid-seventies, the plastic could not be welded, so the toys from different parts were joined together by bolts and corresponding holes made under pressure. The factory
Riedel, the former Democratic Republic German will be the first in 1948 to implement the new material with dolls. The added advantage was his greater strength and reduced flammability
on celluloid and more washable. Plastic will open a new era. In 1950 he settled in Onil
the first two machines to inject plastics, extrusion
, which heated the material to liquefy
and injected into molds, the process continued crimping parts. However, the spread of these machines still occur soon in Spain, which would delay the fact that in the English Civil War was distributed by import quotas. Proof of this is the great success of Maricela
wrist, made by Santiago
Onil
Molina in 1952, made of cardboard and white tail bathed in Spain.
In the area of \u200b\u200bthe wrist, the transformation of the rates would come with hard plastic, 1950, and continue into 1959 with the soft plastic. The polyethylene
give the doll a more realistic look, a touch of human flesh. Subsequent improvements will insist on achieving a natural appearance, enhanced by the use of polyvinyl chloride
and sewing hair. During this decade, the company merged with
Isidro Rico Merin giving result "
Rimer." Years after abandonment
Merin society. The concentration of production Onil
wristband will take an important step to the merging of enterprises, between 1957-60, grouped mostly in FAMOUS (Factories Cluster
Dolls Onil, SA) among many other business
Rimer, reaching the flame of the torch lit one day look to the popular Ramon Famosa. In 2002 Famous shareholders sold the company to risk capital, spending most of the capital to foreign hands.
currently
Onil, descendants of the original craftsmen continue to produce dolls with the illusion that the ingenuity of Ramón Mira never disappears. ------
Photo:
1. Template Ramón Mira, 1880's, it can be seen with your own look in the top row in the center of the photograph , the rest all women carrying dolls.
2. Template marriage Company Juan Mora, 1890's, two of them being the partner of the middle row, and where much of the workforce were women and children.
3. Workers company Santiago Molina , decade of 20, in the photo are the baskets with different parts of the dolls made of sun-dried mush.
4. Carton firm "Merin Francisco" where you can read John Edward's successor.
5. Workers factory Merin posing for a magazine report "Stamp" on the garden steps of the "Casa dels Merins" who was in the municipal market today that carrying dolls signature in January 1931.
6. Workers Isidro Rico Miralles to end the civil war in 1939.
Cocentaina 
